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Economic Plant Photographs #11: Mustards & Onions
Kohlrabi, Broccoli, Caulifreduced, Turnip, Cabbage, Radish, Rutabaga, Brussels Sprouts, Bok Choy, Maca, Onion & Leek

Mustard Family (Cruciferae or Brassicaceae)

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Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea), a cabbage array via an enlarged basal stem over the ground. The following vegetables are likewise varieties of B. oleracea: cabbage (leafy head), kale (non-heading leafy sprout), collards (nonheading leafy sprout), broccoli (immature inflorescence and also stalk or peduncle), caulifreduced (immature inflorescence), brussels sprouts (tall-stemmed cabbage through small edible heads or buds alengthy the stem). All of these arrays have actually 9 chromosomes per haploid set (n=9), via a diploid number of 18 (2n=18). A hybrid in between broccoli and also cauliflower is dubbed broccoflower (check out following photo).
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Varieties of Brassica oleracea: A. Broccoli, B. Broccoflower and C. Cauliflower. Broccoflower (B) is a hybrid between broccoli (A) and also caulifreduced (C). In all three vegetables you are eating the immature inflorescence (freduced buds and also pedicels), and in the case of broccoli, the primary inflorescence stalk or peduncle.

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Brussels Sprouts, another array of Brassica oleracea thriving on the Hawaian island also of Kauai. This variety is grown for the tender, leafy buds alengthy the major stem that resemble miniature heads of cabbage. This inexplicable range was reportedly schosen from a mutant cabbage plant originally found in a European garden in the mid 1700s.
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A: Turnip (Brassica rapa), a vegetable through edible taproot and leaves (turnip greens); C: Cabbage (Brassica oleracea), a vegetable through edible leafy heads; B: Rutabaga (Brassica napobrassica), a vegetable via edible taproot and also leafy greens. The rutabaga is a productive tetraploid hybrid in between the turnip (n=10) and cabbage (n=9). Since the original diploid rutabaga (2n=19) has actually 10 turnip chromosomes and 9 cabbage chromosomes that are unequal in number (10 + 9) and not truly homologous, the diploid hybrid is sterile. It cannot undergo normal pairing of chromosome doublets during synapsis of meiosis I, and therefore cannot produce viable gametes or seeds. The abundant tetraploid hybrid (4n=38) has actually 2 haploid sets of turnip chromosomes (10 + 10) and also 2 haploid sets of cabbage chromosomes (9 + 9) that have the right to pair up typically during meiosis I.
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Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) in San Pasqual Valley. In the distance are strawberries.
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Bok choy (pak-choi), a leafy selection of area mustard belonging to the Chinensis Group of Brassica rapa. This mustard is frequently cultivated in Eastern nations.The radish (Raphanus sativus) produces a crisp, edible taproot through many type of arrays, consisting of white & red radishes, and also large oriental radishes 4 feet long and also 40 pounds. The wild radish is an extremely common spring weed in San Diego County. Note: The bigeneric hybrid (Raphanobrassica) or Rabbage is a cross between the radish (Raphanus n=9) and also cabbage (Brassica n=9). The diploid hybrid has 2 sets of chromosomes, one collection (R) from the radish parent and one set (C) from the cabbage parent. Since each set contains 9 chromosomes, the diploid rabbage has actually a total of 18 chromosomes. The diploid hybrid (RC) is sterile bereason the radish and cabbage sets of chromosomes are not completely homologous, and also fail to pair up throughout synapsis of meiosis I. A productive tetraploid (4n=36) hybrid (RRCC) has actually also been developed. It produces viable gametes and seeds bereason the radish chromosomes have an additional radish collection to pair up through (RR), and also the cabbage chromosomes have actually an additional set to pair up via (CC). Unfortunately this wonder plant has actually the leaves of the radish and also the roots of the cabbage.
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The huge taproot of wild radish (Raphanus sativus), a prevalent naturalized weed in San Diego County, The golden state. Unfavor the plenty of, tender, grew varieties of radishes, wild radish has actually a tough, woody taproot that is unpalatable.
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Red radishes, a popular cultivar of Raphanus sativus. Tright here are literally dozens of varieties of this wild mustard relative, including annuals via crispy round and elongate taproots in a selection of colors. Several of the ranges include Cherry Belle, Crimboy Giant, White Chinese, Scarlet Globe and also Scarlet White-tipped.
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The huge taproot of daikon or Japanese radish, a cultivated array of Raphanus sativus. This large, white-skinned, Eastern radish belongs to the Longipinnatus group of Raphanus sativus. The daikon is a well-known vegetable in Asia and is frequently seen in markets. In Japan, daikons are cooked in soups, grated and also consumed with sashimi (raw fish), and pickled. Pickled daikons are called "takuan" in Japan. The green paste which is the vital condiment for sashimi comes from the fleshy rhizome of wasabi (Eutrema wasabi), an additional member of the mustard family members (Brassicaceae). It is often called Japanese horseradish, not to be puzzled with plain horseradish (Armoracia rusticana).
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Sections from the large taproot of horseradish (Armoracia rusticana), additionally detailed in some referrals as A. lapathifolia. The roots are the crucial ingredient in horseradish sauce, a spicy flavoring for meats and vegetables. The green paste which is the essential condiment for sashimi originates from the fleshy rhizome of wasabi (Eutrema wasabi), an additional member of the mustard family (Brassicaceae). It is frequently dubbed Japanese horseradish, not to be perplexed with simple horseradish displayed in the over photo.
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Wasabi: A spicy green paste made from the fleshy rhizome of Eutrema wasabi, the important condiment for sashimi (raw fish). Wasabi originates from yet one more member of the large mustard household (Brassicaceae). It is often dubbed Japanese horseradish, not to be puzzled via simple horseradish (Armoracia rusticana).
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Left: Maca, the dried, powdered roots of Lepidium meyenii (likewise L. peruvianum). Maca grows wild in the Andes of South America. The cooked, radishchoose taproots are made into a sweet, nutritious porridge called mazamorra. Right: Peppergrass (Lepidium nitidum), a common yearly of the mustard family members (Brassicaceae) aboriginal to grasslands and also dry brushy slopes throughout The golden state.

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Water Cress (Nasturtium aquaticum = Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum), a naturalized European weed alengthy creeks and also streams in southerly California. The edible leaves are frequently used in salads and also sandwiches.