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Economic plant Photographs #11: Mustards & Onions
Kohlrabi, Broccoli, Cauliflower, Turnip, Cabbage, Radish, Rutabaga, Brussels Sprouts, Bok Choy, Maca, Onion & Leek

Mustard household (Cruciferae or Brassicaceae)

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Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea), a cabbage range with one enlarged basal stem above the ground. The following vegetables are additionally varieties the B. Oleracea: cabbage (leafy head), kale (non-heading leafy sprout), collards (nonheading irpari sprout), broccoli (immature inflorescence and also stalk or peduncle), cauliflower (immature inflorescence), brussels sprouts (tall-stemmed cabbage with tiny edible top or buds along the stem). All of these varieties have actually 9 chromosomes every haploid set (n=9), with a diploid variety of 18 (2n=18). A hybrid in between broccoli and cauliflower is referred to as broccoflower (see following photo).
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Varieties of Brassica oleracea: A. Broccoli, B. Broccoflower and also C. Cauliflower. Broccoflower (B) is a hybrid in between broccoli (A) and cauliflower (C). In all three vegetables you space eating the immature inflorescence (flower buds and also pedicels), and also in the case of broccoli, the key inflorescence stalk or peduncle.

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Brussels Sprouts, another selection of Brassica oleracea growing on the Hawaian island that Kauai. This variety is grown for the tender, leafy buds along the main stem that resemble miniature top of cabbage. This unusual variety was supposedly selected from a mutant cabbage plant originally found in a european garden in the mid 1700s.
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A: Turnip (Brassica rapa), a vegetable with edible taproot and also leaves (turnip greens); C: Cabbage (Brassica oleracea), a vegetable with edible leafy heads; B: Rutabaga (Brassica napobrassica), a vegetable through edible taproot and also leafy greens. The rutabaga is a productive tetraploid hybrid in between the turnip (n=10) and also cabbage (n=9). Since the initial diploid rutabaga (2n=19) has actually 10 turnip chromosomes and 9 cabbage chromosomes that space unequal in number (10 + 9) and also not truly homologous, the diploid hybrid is sterile. It cannot undergo regular pairing that chromosome doublets throughout synapsis that meiosis I, and also therefore cannot create viable gametes or seeds. The abundant tetraploid hybrid (4n=38) has 2 haploid sets of turnip chromosomes (10 + 10) and 2 haploid to adjust of cabbage chromosomes (9 + 9) that have the right to pair up normally during meiosis I.
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Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) in mountain Pasqual Valley. In the distance room strawberries.
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Bok choy (pak-choi), a leafy range of field mustard belonging come the Chinensis team of Brassica rapa. This mustard is commonly cultivated in eastern countries.The radish (Raphanus sativus) produce a crisp, edible taproot with plenty of varieties, consisting of white & red radishes, and also giant oriental radishes 4 feet long and also 40 pounds. The wild radish is a really common feather weed in mountain Diego County. Note: The bigeneric hybrid (Raphanobrassica) or Rabbage is a cross in between the radish (Raphanus n=9) and also cabbage (Brassica n=9). The diploid hybrid has actually two to adjust of chromosomes, one set (R) indigenous the radish parent and one set (C) native the cabbage parent. due to the fact that each set includes 9 chromosomes, the diploid rabbage has actually a total of 18 chromosomes. The diploid hybrid (RC) is sterile because the radish and also cabbage set of chromosomes space not totally homologous, and also fail to pair up throughout synapsis the meiosis I. A productive tetraploid (4n=36) hybrid (RRCC) has also been developed. The produces viable gametes and seeds since the radish chromosomes have one more radish collection to pair up with (RR), and also the cabbage chromosomes have actually another set to pair up with (CC). Unfortunately this wonder plant has actually the pipeline of the radish and the root of the cabbage.
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The massive taproot the wild radish (Raphanus sativus), a typical naturalized weed in mountain Diego County, California. Unlike the numerous, tender, cultivated varieties that radishes, wild radish has actually a tough, woody taproot that is unpalatable.
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Red radishes, a well-known cultivar of Raphanus sativus. There room literally dozens of ranges of this wild mustard relative, including annuals through crispy round and also elongate taproots in a variety of colors. Some of the varieties incorporate Cherry Belle, Crimson Giant, White Chinese, Scarlet Globe and Scarlet White-tipped.
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The huge taproot of daikon or Japanese radish, a cultivated variety of Raphanus sativus. This large, white-skinned, eastern radish belongs to the Longipinnatus team of Raphanus sativus. The daikon is a renowned vegetable in Asia and is commonly seen in markets. In Japan, daikons are cooked in soups, grated and also eaten v sashimi (raw fish), and also pickled. Pickled daikons are referred to as "takuan" in Japan. The green paste i m sorry is the essential condiment for sashimi comes from the fleshy rhizome that wasabi (Eutrema wasabi), one more member the the mustard family members (Brassicaceae). It is often referred to as Japanese horseradish, not to be puzzled with ordinary horseradish (Armoracia rusticana).
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Sections native the large taproot of horseradish (Armoracia rusticana), also noted in some referrals as A. Lapathifolia. The roots room the key ingredient in horseradish sauce, a spicy flavoring because that meats and also vegetables. The environment-friendly paste i m sorry is the important condiment for sashimi comes from the fleshy rhizome that wasabi (Eutrema wasabi), one more member that the mustard family members (Brassicaceae). The is often dubbed Japanese horseradish, no to be confused with simple horseradish displayed in the over photo.
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Wasabi: A spicy eco-friendly paste do from the fleshy rhizome that Eutrema wasabi, the necessary condiment because that sashimi (raw fish). Wasabi comes from yet another member the the big mustard family members (Brassicaceae). That is often referred to as Japanese horseradish, not to be perplexed with simple horseradish (Armoracia rusticana).
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Left: Maca, the dried, powdered root of Lepidium meyenii (also L. Peruvianum). Maca grow wild in the Andes of southern America. The cooked, radishlike taproots room made into a sweet, nutritious porridge called mazamorra. Right: Peppergrass (Lepidium nitidum), a common annual of the mustard family members (Brassicaceae) aboriginal to grasslands and also dry brushy slopes transparent California.

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Water Cress (Nasturtium aquaticum = Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum), a naturalized european weed along creeks and streams in southerly California. The edible leaves are frequently used in salads and also sandwiches.